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Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

115 Questions Start NEET Test
All Exams NEET AIIMS
2020 Q51 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Identify the wrong statement with regard to Restriction Enzymes
A.
Sticky ends can be joined by using DNA ligases.
B.
They cut the strand of DNAat palindromic sites.
C.
Each restriction enzyme functions by inspecting the length of a DNA sequence.
D.
They are useful in genetic engineering
2020 Q52 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The specific palindromic sequence which is recognized by EcoRl is
A.
5’ - GGATCC - 3’
3’ - CCTAGG - 5’
B.
5’ - GAATTC - 3’
3’ - CTTAAG - 5
C.
5’ - GGAACC - 3’
3’ - CCTTGG - 5’
D.
5’ - CTTAAG - 3’
3’ - GAATTC - 5’
2020 Q53 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The sequence that controls the copy number of the linked DNA in the vector, is termed
A.
Recognition site
B.
Ori site
C.
Selectable marker
D.
Palindromic sequence
2020 Q54 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Match the organism with its use in biotechnology

(a) Bacillus thuringiensis (i) Cloning vector
(b) Thermus aquaticus (ii) Construction of first rDNA molecule
(c) Agrobacterium tumefaciens (iii) DNA polymerase
(d) Salmonella typhimurium (iv) Cry proteins

Select the correct option from the following:
A.
(A) $ \to $ (iii), (B) $ \to $ (iv), (C) $ \to $ (i), (D) $ \to $ (ii)
B.
(A) $ \to $ (ii), (B) $ \to $ (iv), (C) $ \to $ (iii), (D) $ \to $ (i)
C.
(A) $ \to $ (iv), (B) $ \to $ (iii), (C) $ \to $ (i), (D) $ \to $ (ii)
D.
(A) $ \to $ (iii), (B) $ \to $ (ii), (C) $ \to $ (iv), (D) $ \to $ (i)
2020 Q55 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Choose the correct pair from the following
A.
Exonucleases – Make cuts at specific positions within DNA
B.
Ligases – Join the two DNA molecules
C.
Polymerases – Break the DNA into fragments
D.
Nucleases – Separate the two strands of DNA
2019 Q56 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
DNA precipitation out of a mixture of bimolecules can be achieved by treatment with :
A.
Methanol at room temperature
B.
Chilled chloroform
C.
Isopropanol
D.
Chilled ethanol
2019 Q57 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Following statements describe the characteristics of the enzyme Restriction Endonuclease. Identify the incorrect statement.
A.
The enzyme cuts the sugar-phosphate backbone at specific sites on each strand
B.
The enzyme recognizes a specific palindromic nucleotide sequence in the DNA
C.
The enzyme cuts DNA molecule at identified position within the DNA
D.
The enzyme binds DNA at specific sites and cuts only one of the two strands
2018 Q58 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The correct order of steps in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is
A.
extension, denaturation, annealing
B.
annealing, extension, denaturation
C.
denaturation, extension, annealing
D.
denaturation, annealing, extension
2017 Q59 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
DNA fragments are
A.
Positively charged
B.
Either positively or negatively charged depending on their size
C.
Neutral
D.
Negatively charged
2017 Q60 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
A gene whose expression helps to identify transformed cell is known as
A.
Selectable marker
B.
Plasmid
C.
Vector
D.
Structural gene
2017 Q61 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The DNA fragments separated on an agarose gel can be visualised after staining with
A.
Bromophenol blue
B.
Aniline blue
C.
Ethidium bromide
D.
Acetocarmine
2017 Q62 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
What is the criterion for DNA fragments movement on agarose gel during gel electrophoresis ?
A.
Positively charged fragment move to farther end
B.
Negatively charged fragments do not move
C.
The smaller the fragment size, the farther it moves
D.
The larger the fragment size, the farther it moves
2017 Q63 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The process of separation and purification of expressed protein before marketing is called :
A.
Upstream processing
B.
Bioprocessing
C.
Downstream processing
D.
Postproduction processing
2016 Q64 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following restriction enzymes produces blunt ends ?
A.
Eco RV
B.
Hind III
C.
Xho I
D.
Sal I
2016 Q65 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following is not a component of downstream processing ?
A.
Purification
B.
Expression
C.
Preservation
D.
Separation
2016 Q66 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for -
A.
ensuring anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel
B.
addition of preservatives to the product
C.
purification of product
D.
availability of oxygen throughout the process
2016 Q67 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
A foreign DNA and plasmid cut by the same restriction endonuclease can be joined to form a recombinant plasmid using
A.
Eco RI
B.
Polymerase III
C.
Ligase
D.
Taq polymerase
2016 Q68 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following is not required for any of the techniques of DNA fingerprinting available at present?
A.
DNA – DNA hybridization
B.
Polymerase chain reaction
C.
Zinc finger analysis
D.
Restriction enzymes
2016 Q69 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following is not a feature of the plasmids ?
A.
Single-stranded
B.
Transferable
C.
Independent replication
D.
Circular structure
2016 Q70 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following is a restriction endonuclease ?
A.
DNase I
B.
Hind II
C.
RNase I
D.
Protease
2016 Q71 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from
A.
Thermus aquaticus
B.
Bacillus subtilis
C.
Pseudomonas putida
D.
Thiobacillus ferroxidans
2015 Q72 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The DNA molecule to which the gene of interest is integrated for cloning is called -
A.
Transformer
B.
Template
C.
Vector
D.
Carrier
2015 Q73 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The cutting of DNA at specific locations became possible with the discovery of -
A.
Restriction enzymes
B.
Selectable markers
C.
Probes
D.
Ligases
2014 Q74 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
An analysis of chromosomal DNA using the Southern hybridization technique does not use:
A.
Blotting
B.
PCR
C.
Electrophoresis
D.
Autoradiography
2014 Q75 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Commonly used vectors for human genome sequencing are :
A.
BAC and YAC
B.
T/A Cloning Vectors
C.
T− DNA
D.
Expression Vectors
2014 Q76 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which vector can clone only a small fragment of DNA ?
A.
Cosmid
B.
Bacterial artificial chromosome
C.
Yeast artificial chromosome
D.
Plasmid
2013 Q77 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
During the process of isolation of DNA, chilled ethanol is added to :
A.
Break open the cell to release DNA
B.
Remove proteins such as histones
C.
Facilitate action of restriction enzymes
D.
Precipitate DNA
2013 Q78 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following is not corretly matched for the organism and its cell wall degrading enzyme ?
A.
Plant cells- Cellulase
B.
Algae-Methylase
C.
Fungi - Chitinase
D.
Bacteria-Lysozyme
2013 Q79 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
DNA fragments generated by the restriction endonucleases in a chemical reaction can be separated by :
A.
Polymerase chain reaction
B.
Restriction mapping
C.
Electrophoresis
D.
Centrifugation
2013 Q80 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The colonies of recombinat bacteria appear white in contrast to blue colonies of non-recombinant bacteria because of :
A.
Insertional inactivation of alphagalactosidase in recombinant bacteria
B.
Inactivation of glycosidase enzyme in recombinant bacteria
C.
Insertional inactivation of alphagalactosidase in non-recombinant bacteria
D.
Non-recombinant bacteria containing betagalactosidase
2012 Q81 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which one of the following represents a palindromic sequence in DNA ?
A.
5'-GAATTC-3'
3'-CTTAAG-5'
B.
5'-GATACC-3'
3'-CCTAAG-5'
C.
5'-CCAATG-3'
3'-GAATCC-5'
D.
5'-CATTAG-3'
3'-GATAAC-5'
2012 Q82 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The figure below shows three steps (A, B, C) of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Select the option giving correct identification together with what it represents ?
AIPMT 2012 Mains Biology - Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Question 85 English
A.
C - Extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase
B.
B - Denaturation at a temperature of about 98ºC separating the two DNA strands
C.
A - Denaturation at a temperature of about 50ºC
D.
A - Annealing with two sets of primers
2012 Q83 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Biolistics (gene-gun) is suitable for -
A.
DNA finger printing
B.
Constructing recombinant DNA by joining with vectors
C.
Disarming pathogen vectors
D.
Transformation of plant cells
2012 Q84 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
In genetic engineering, the antibiotics are used
A.
As sequences from where replication starts
B.
As selectable markers
C.
To keep the cultures free of infection
D.
To select healthy vectors
2012 Q85 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
For transformation, micro - particles coated with DNA to be bombarded with gene are made up of
A.
Gold or Tungsten
B.
Platinum or zinc
C.
Silver or platinum
D.
Silicon or platinum
2012 Q86 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
A single strand of nucleic acid tagged with a radioactive molecule is called
A.
Probe
B.
Selectable marker
C.
Vector
D.
Plasmid
2012 Q87 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The figure below is the diagrammatic respesentation o the E.Coli vector pBR 322. Which one of the given options correctly identifies its certain component(s) ? AIPMT 2012 Prelims Biology - Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Question 93 English
A.
ori- original restriction enzyme
B.
ampR, tetR-antibiotic resistance genes
C.
rop-reduced osmotic pressure
D.
Hind III, EcoRI-selectable markers
2012 Q88 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which one is a true statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR ?
A.
It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cell
B.
It remains active at high temperature
C.
It serves as a selectable marker
D.
It is isolated from a virus
2012 Q89 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
PCR and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism are the methods for
A.
Genetic transformation
B.
Genetic Fingerprinting
C.
Study of enzymes
D.
DNA sequencing
2011 Q90 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which one of the following techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organisms ?
A.
Recombinant DNA techniques
B.
X-ray diffraction
C.
Heavier isotope labeling
D.
Hybridization
2011 Q91 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Agarose extracted from sea weeds finds use in :
A.
Spectrophotometry
B.
PCR
C.
Tissue Culture
D.
Gel electrophoresis
2011 Q92 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Given below is a sample of a portion of DNA strand giving the base sequence on the opposite strands. What is so special shown in it ?
5' .............. GAATTC ................ 3'
3' .............. CTTAAG ................. 5'
A.
Start codon at the 5' end
B.
Replication completed
C.
Deletion mutation
D.
Palindromic sequence of base pairs
2011 Q93 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
There is a restriction endonuclease called EcoRl. What does "co" part in it stand for ?
A.
colon
B.
coelom
C.
coenzyme
D.
coli
2010 Q94 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
In genetic engineering, a DNA segment (gene) of interest,is transferred to the host cell through a vector. Consider the following four agents (A-D) in this regard and select the correct option about which one or more of these can be used as a vecotr / vectors –
(A) a bacterium
(B) plasmid
(C) plasmodium
(D) bacteriophage
A.
(B) and (D) only
B.
(A) and (C) only
C.
(A), (B) and (D) only
D.
(A) only
2010 Q95 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Restriction endonucleases are enzymes which –
A.
recognize a specific nucleotide sequence for binding of DNA ligase
B.
remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA molecule
C.
restrict the action of the enzyme DNA polymerase
D.
make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule
2010 Q96 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which one of the following is used as vector for cloning genes into higher organisms ?
A.
Retrovirus
B.
Salmonella typhimurium
C.
Rhizopus nigricans
D.
Baculovirus
2010 Q97 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
DNA or RNA segment tagged with a radioactive moleculer is called –
A.
Clone
B.
Probe
C.
Plasmid
D.
Vector
2010 Q98 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for –
A.
Purification of the product
B.
Availability of oxygen throughout the process
C.
Ensuring anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel
D.
Addition of preservatives to the product
2010 Q99 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following are used in gene cloning ?
A.
Mesosomes
B.
Nucleoids
C.
Lomasomes
D.
Plasmids
2009 Q100 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which one of the following is commonly used in transfer of foreign DNA into crop plants ?
A.
Trichoderma harzianum
B.
Meloidogyne incognita
C.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
D.
Penicillium expansum