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Molecular Basis of Inheritance

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2022 Q51 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026

Read the following statements and choose the set of correct statements:

(a) Euchromatin is loosely packed chromatin

(b) Heterochromatin is transcriptionally active

(c) Histone octamer is wrapped by negatively charged DNA in nucleosome

(d) Histones are rich in lysine and arginine

(e) A typical nucleosome contains 400 bp of DNA helix

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

A.
(b), (d), (e) only
B.
(a), (c), (d) only
C.
(b), (e) only
D.
(a), (c), (e) only
2022 Q52 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026

Transposons can be used during which one of the following?

A.
Polymerase Chain Reaction
B.
Gene Silencing
C.
Autoradiography
D.
Gene sequencing
2022 Q53 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026

If a geneticist uses the blind approach for sequencing the whole genome of an organism, followed by assignment of function to different segments, the methodology adopted by him is called as :

A.
Sequence annotation
B.
Gene mapping
C.
Expressed sequence tags
D.
Bioinformatics
2022 Q54 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026

If the length of a DNA molecule is 1.1 metres, what will b the approximate number of base pairs?

A.
3.3 $\times$ bp 109
B.
6.6 $\times$ bp 109
C.
3.3 $\times$ bp 106
D.
6.6 $\times$ bp 106
2022 Q55 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026

In an E. Coli strain i gene gets mutated and its product can not bind the inducer molecule. If growth medium is provided with lactose, what will be the outcome?

A.
Only z gene will get transcribed
B.
z, y, a genes will be transcribed
C.
z, y, a genes will not be translated
D.
RNA polymerase will bind the promoter region
2022 Q56 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026

Ten E.coli cells with 15N - dsDNA are incubated in medium containing 14N nucleotide. After 60 minutes, how many E.coli cells will have DNA totally free from 15N?

A.
20 cells
B.
40 cells
C.
60 cells
D.
80 cells
2021 Q57 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
DNA strands on a gel stained with ethidium bromide when viewed under UV radiation, appear as
A.
Bright blue bands
B.
Yellow bands
C.
Bright orange bands
D.
Dark red bands
2021 Q58 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Complete the flow chart on central dogma.

NEET 2021 Biology - Molecular Basis of Inheritance Question 64 English
A.
(a) - Transduction; (b) - Translation; (c) - Replication; (d) - Protein
B.
(a) - Replication; (b) - Transcription; (c) - Transduction; (d) - Protein
C.
(a) - Translation; (b) - Replication; (c) - Transcription; (d) - Transduction
D.
(a) - Replication; (b) - Transcription; (c) - Translation; (d) - Protein
2021 Q59 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
What is the role of RNA polymerase III in the process of transcription in eukaryotes?
A.
Transcribes only snRNAs
B.
Transcribes rRNAs (28S, 18S and 5.8S)
C.
Transcribes tRNA, 5s rRNA and snRNA
D.
Transcribes precursor of mRNA
2021 Q60 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
DNA fingerprinting involves identifying differences in some specific regions in DNA sequence, called as
A.
Polymorphic DNA
B.
Satellite DNA
C.
Repetitive DNA
D.
Single nucleotides
2021 Q61 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Identify the correct statement.
A.
Split gene arrangement is characteristic of prokaryotes
B.
In capping, methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to the 3' end of hnRNA
C.
RNA polymerase binds with Rho factor to terminate the process of transcription in bacteria
D.
The coding strand in a transcription unit is copied to an mRNA
2021 Q62 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
If Adenine makes 30% of the DNA molecule, what will be the percentage of Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine in it?
A.
T : 20 ; G : 25 ; C : 25
B.
T : 20 ; G : 30 ; C : 20
C.
T : 20 ; G : 20 ; C : 30
D.
T : 30 ; G : 20 ; C : 20
2021 Q63 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following RNAs is not required for the synthesis of protein?
A.
siRNA
B.
mRNA
C.
tRNA
D.
rRNA
2021 Q64 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which is the "Only enzyme" that has "Capability" to catalyse Initiation, Elongation and Termination in the process of transcription in prokaryotes?
A.
DNase
B.
DNA dependent DNA polymerase
C.
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
D.
DNA Ligase
2021 Q65 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which one of the following statements about histones is wrong?
A.
Histones carry positive charge in the side chain
B.
Histones are organized to form a unit of 8 molecules
C.
The pH of histones is slightly acidic
D.
Histones are rich in amino acids - Lysine and Arginine
2021 Q66 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Statement I : The codon 'AUG' codes for methionine and phenylalanine.

Statement II : 'AAA' and 'AAG' both codons code for the amino acid lysine.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A.
Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true
B.
Both Statement I and Statement II are true
C.
Both Statement I and Statement II are false
D.
Statement I is correct but Statement II is false
2020 Q67 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
If the distance between two consecutive base pairs is 0.34 nm and the total number of base pairs of a DNA double helix in a typical mammalian cell is 6.6 × 109 bp, then the length of the DNA is approximately
A.
2.7 meters
B.
2.0 meters
C.
2.5 meters
D.
2.2 meters
2020 Q68 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following statements is correct?
A.
Adenine does not pair with thymine
B.
Adenine pairs with thymine through one H-bond
C.
Adenine pairs with thymine through two H-bonds
D.
Adenine pairs with thymine through three H-bonds
2020 Q69 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The first phase of translation is
A.
Recognition of an anti-codon
B.
Recognition of DNA molecule
C.
Binding of mRNA to ribosome
D.
Aminoacylation of tRNA
2020 Q70 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Name the enzyme that facilitates opening of DNA helix during transcription.
A.
DNA polymerase
B.
RNA polymerase
C.
DNA helicase
D.
DNA ligase
2019 Q71 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following features of genetic code does allow bacteria to produce human insulin by recombinant DNA technology?
A.
Genetic code is nearly universal
B.
Genetic code is specific
C.
Genetic code is not ambiguous
D.
Genetic code is redundant
2019 Q72 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The shorter and longer arms of a submetacentric chromosome are referred to as:
A.
q-arm and p-arm respectively
B.
m-arm and n-arm respectively
C.
s-arm and l-arm respectively
D.
p-arm and q-arm respectively
2019 Q73 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Match the following genes of the Lac operon with their respective produces :

(a) i gene (i) $\beta $-galactosidase
(b) z gene (ii) Permease
(c) a gene (iii) Repressor
(d) y gene (iv) Transacetylase

Select the correct option.
A.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
B.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
C.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
D.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
2019 Q74 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) refers to :
A.
DNA polymorphism
B.
Novel DNA sequences
C.
Genes expressed as RNA
D.
Polypeptide expression
2019 Q75 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Purines found both in DNA and RNA are:
A.
Guanine and cytosine
B.
Cytosine and thymine
C.
Adenine and thymine
D.
Adenine and guanine
2019 Q76 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Under which of the following conditions will there be no change in the reading frame of following mRNA?

5' AACAGCGGUGCUAUU 3'
A.
Insertion of A and G at 4th and 5th positions respectively
B.
Deletion of GGU from 7th, 8th and 9th positions
C.
Insertion of G at 5th positions
D.
Deletion of G from 5th positions
2018 Q77 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Select the correct statement :
A.
Franklin Stahl coined the term ‘‘linkage’’.
B.
Punnett square was developed by a British scientist.
C.
Spliceosomes take part in translation.
D.
Transduction was discovered by S. Altman
2018 Q78 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
AGGTATCGCAT is a sequence from the coding strand of a gene. What will be the corresponding sequence of the transcribed mRNA?
A.
AGGUAUCGCAU
B.
UGGTUTCGCAT
C.
ACCUAUGCGAU
D.
UCCAUAGCGUA
2018 Q79 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
All of the following are part of an operon except
A.
an operator
B.
structural genes
C.
an enhancer
D.
a promoter
2018 Q80 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The experimental proof for semi-conservative replication of DNA was first shown in a
A.
fungus
B.
bacterium
C.
plant
D.
virus.
2018 Q81 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Select the correct match :
A.
Alec Jeffreys - Streptococcus pneumoniae
B.
Alfred Hershey and - TMV Martha Chase
C.
Matthew Meselson - Pisum sativum and F. Stahl
D.
Francois Jacob and - Lac operon Jacques Monod
2018 Q82 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Select the correct match :
A.
Ribozyme - Nucleic acid
B.
F2 $ \times $ Recessive parent - Dihybrid cross
C.
T.H. Morgan - Transduction
D.
G. Mendel - Transformation
2018 Q83 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Many ribosomes may associate with a single mRNA to form multiple copies of a polypeptide simultaneously. Such strings of ribosomes are termed as
A.
polysome
B.
polyhedral bodies
C.
plastidome
D.
nucleosome
2017 Q84 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
During DNA replication, Okazaki fragments are used to elongate
A.
The leading strand away from replication fork
B.
The lagging strand towards replication fork
C.
The lagging strand away from the replication fork
D.
The leading strand towards replication fork
2017 Q85 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Spliceosomes are not found in cells of :
A.
Bacteria
B.
Plants
C.
Animals
D.
Fungi
2017 Q86 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The association of histone H1 with a nucleosome indicates :
A.
DNA replication is occurring
B.
Transcription is occurring
C.
The DNA is condensed into a Chromatin Fibre
D.
The DNA double helix is exposed
2017 Q87 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
If there are 999 bases in an RNA that codes for a protein with 333 amino acids, and the base at position 901 is deleted such that the length of the RNA becomes 998 bases, how many codons will be altered ?
A.
1
B.
11
C.
333
D.
33
2017 Q88 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following RNAs should be most abundant in animal cell ?
A.
m-RNA
B.
mi-RNA
C.
r-RNA
D.
t-RNA
2017 Q89 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The final proof for DNA as the genetic material came from the experiments of
A.
Griffith
B.
Hargobind Khorana
C.
Avery, Mcleod and McCarty
D.
Hershey and chase
2016 Q90 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
The equivalent of a structural gene is -
A.
cistron
B.
recon
C.
muton
D.
operon
2016 Q91 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Taylor conducted the experiments to prove semiconservative mode of chromosome replication on
A.
Vicia faba
B.
Drosophila melanogaster
C.
Vinca rosea
D.
E. coli
2016 Q92 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following rRNAs acts as structural RNA as well as ribozyme in bacteria ?
A.
5.8 S rRNA
B.
23 S rRNA
C.
18 S rRNA
D.
5 S rRNA
2016 Q93 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
A molecule that can act as a genetic material must fulfill the traits given below, except
A.
it should be able to express itself in the form of ‘Mendelian characters’
B.
it should be unstable structurally and chemically
C.
it should provide the scope for slow changes that are required for evolution
D.
it should be able to generate its replica
2016 Q94 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes transcription on one strand of the DNA which is called the
A.
coding strand
B.
antistrand
C.
template strand
D.
alpha strand
2016 Q95 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which one of the following is the starter codon ?
A.
AUG
B.
UAG
C.
UAA
D.
UGA
2016 Q96 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which of the following is required as inducer(s) for the expression of Lac operon?
A.
lactose
B.
lactose and galactose
C.
glucose
D.
galactose
2016 Q97 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
A complex of ribosomes attached to a single strand of RNA is known as :
A.
Polypeptide
B.
Okazaki fragment
C.
Polysome
D.
Polymer
2015 Q98 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Satellite DNA is important because it :
A.
Shows high degree of polymorphism in population and also the same degree of polymorphism in an individual, which is heritable from parents to children.
B.
does not code for proteins and is same in all members of the population.
C.
codes for proteins needed in cell cycle.
D.
codes for proteins needed in cell cycle.
2015 Q99 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Balbiani rings are sites of :
A.
Polysaccharide synthesis
B.
Lipid synthesis
C.
RNA and protein synthesis
D.
Nucleotide synthesis
2015 Q100 NEET MCQ
10 Mar 2026
Which one of the following is not applicable to RNA?
A.
Complementary base pairing
B.
5' phosphoryl and 3' hydroxyl ends
C.
Heterocyclic nitrogenous bases
D.
Chargaff's rule